Tesztek

F-Gas English Low GWP

Minden kérdés
HFC | Flammable | CO₂ | NH₃
Könnyű kérdések | Közepes nehézségű kérdések | Nehéz kérdések

1

Könnyű

What is the base unit of mass according to the International System of Units (Système International d’Unités)?


Pound
kg
N
t

2

Közepes

What process takes place in the condenser of a refrigeration system?


Hot refrigerant vapour is pumped from the compressor to the condenser, where it is cooled and then condensed. In this heat exchanger, the resulting liquid refrigerant is also slightly subcooled.
In the condenser, the refrigerant releases the heat absorbed in the evaporator into the surroundings.
The refrigerant releases the heat absorbed in the compressor via the condenser
The medium flowing through the evaporator (glycol, water) condenses, whilst the refrigerant evaporates.

3

Közepes

What determines the condensation temperature of an air-cooled unit?


On the compressor and discharge temperatures
On the superheat temperature.
On the evaporation (boiling) temperature.
On the ambient temperature.

4

Közepes

Is energy required when heat is transferred from the condenser to the surroundings?


The heat flow balances the energy input.
Yes, in every case.
Yes, but only when using HFC refrigerants.
No, because according to the second law of thermodynamics, thermal energy always flows from a body at a higher temperature to a body at a lower temperature.

5

Közepes

What should you pay attention to during the operation of the condenser?


Pay attention to the fan’s operation and the ambient temperature.
Ensure that the air temperature at the condenser outlet is higher than the condensation temperature.
Care should be taken to ensure that the air temperature at the condenser inlet is lower than the air temperature at the condenser outlet.
You should ensure the general maintenance of the condenser and keep the heat exchange surfaces clean.

6

Közepes

What criteria should be considered when selecting a suitable condenser?


These include size and the number of fans. The geometric parameters of the condenser must be taken into account.
The required capacity of the condenser and the technical specifications declared by the manufacturer must be taken into account.
Condensers should be selected based on your own experience, and the condenser’s geometric parameters should be taken into account.
First and foremost, you should consider the operating noise level of the fans, the diameter of the connection pipes and the colour scheme.

7

Közepes

How do contaminants (dust, particulates, deposits) affect the performance and efficiency of heat exchange surfaces in condensers?


Contaminants restrict heat transfer (reducing the heat transfer coefficient) and cause an increase in condensing temperature and pressure, which in turn leads to a reduction in the condenser’s efficiency.
Contaminants increase the heat transfer area and reduce the condensing pressure.
Contaminants restrict heat transfer (reducing the heat transfer coefficient) and cause a reduction in condensing pressure.
Contaminants do not significantly affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the heat exchange surfaces in condensers.

8

Közepes

If an air-cooled condenser becomes contaminated, will the condensation efficiency?


It will increase.
It will increase as a result of the fan speed being raised further.
It remains unchanged.
It will decrease.

9

Közepes

What can cause frost to form on the evaporator?


A reduction in the temperature of the cooled substance.
a drop in cooling capacity.
An increase in refrigerant flow resistance and a reduction in the refrigerant flow rate through the evaporator.
Frost build-up on the evaporator increases airflow resistance and, consequently, causes the fan motor to work harder.

10

Közepes

What happens when the evaporation temperature drops?


The discharge temperature decreases.
The compressor’s cooling capacity decreases.
The condenser fan speed increases.
The compressor’s cooling capacity increases.

11

Közepes

When is defrosting using the refrigerant possible?


Only when using speed-controlled fans.
Defrosting using the refrigerant is not possible at all.
In the case of air-cooled chillers, only when the air temperature is above 0°C.
Never. We use electricity for defrosting (for example, using a special electric heater).

12

Közepes

When can frost form on the evaporator surface?


In the case of finned evaporators.
Frost always forms on air coolers.
Only in the case of air coolers, when the air temperature drops below 0°C.
Frost forms only when the refrigeration system is operating continuously.

13

Közepes

In the case of extensive pipework systems, secondary evaporation of the refrigerant can be prevented by...


using larger-diameter pipes.
additional cooling.
using smaller-diameter pipes.
by insulating the pipes between the compressor and the condenser.

14

Közepes

How does hot gas defrosting of the evaporator work?


This involves reversing the direction of rotation of the compressor.
Heated vapour (hot gas) from the compressor is directed into the evaporator piping.
We switch on the gas heater directed at the evaporator.
We swap the outlet and inlet sides of the evaporator.

15

Közepes

What is the function of the evaporator in a refrigeration system?


It ensures that the refrigerant is superheated over the largest possible heat exchange surface area.
It cools the refrigerant.
Thanks to the evaporator, the cooled medium transfers heat to the boiling refrigerant.
It evaporates the water flowing through the evaporator.

16

Közepes

What conditions must be met for the evaporator to be defrosted using electric heaters?


The electric heaters must be in contact with the evaporator’s heat exchange surface (the heater must touch the fins).
The electric heaters must be positioned in direct contact with the refrigerant so that the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator is at a sufficiently high temperature.
The electric heaters must be positioned beneath the evaporator’s heat exchange surface.
Thanks to the forced air flow created by the fans, the heat from the heaters is transferred to the heat exchanger.

17

Közepes

Refrigerant distributor:


ensures even distribution of the refrigerant to the individual sections of the condenser.
acts as a buffer for the refrigerant in the event that the pressure upstream of the expansion valve is exceeded.
ensures an even distribution of the refrigerant to the individual sections of the evaporator.
ensures the even distribution of the refrigerant discharged by compressors connected in parallel.

18

Közepes

What are the possible methods of defrosting air coolers?


Hot gas defrosting.
Natural defrosting; there are no other effective methods.
Electric defrosting only.
Electric defrosting, liquid defrosting or defrosting using hot refrigerant vapour.

19

Közepes

The boiling point increases (and consequently the rate of evaporation increases) if the pressure above the liquid...


Remains constant.
Falls.
It behaves differently depending on the ambient temperature.
Rises.

20

Közepes

MOP in thermostatic expansion valves stands for:


self-cleaning of the valve in the event of moisture in the refrigerant freezing.
maximum pressure switch protection.
maximum operating pressure.
minimum flow opening.

21

Közepes

The function of a thermostatic expansion valve (TEV) in a refrigeration system is:


to maintain a constant suction pressure to the compressor.
regulating the superheat of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator so that it is at the minimum value.
to consistently adjust the evaporation pressure in the condenser depending on the temperature of the refrigerant vapour leaving the condenser.
to control the amount of refrigerant supplied to the evaporator depending on the superheat of the vapour leaving that heat exchanger.

22

Közepes

When using a capillary tube, what type of motor can be used in the compressor?


A motor with high starting torque must be used.
A low-speed motor should be used.
A motor with low starting torque can be used.
An electronically commutated motor approved for use with the compressor should be used.

23

Közepes

What does the thermostatic expansion valve regulate?


Evaporation pressure after.
Discharge temperature.
Cooling.
The mass flow of the refrigerant injected into the evaporator.

24

Közepes

The refrigerant absorbs heat when...


freezes.
it evaporates.
sublimates
it condenses.

25

Közepes

In the case of a thermostatic expansion valve, the manufacturer specifies...


  ...the degree to which the valve is filled with refrigerant liquid.
...the superheat value during valve operation.
…the degree of refrigerant expansion.
...the static superheat of the valve.

26

Közepes

How do we charge a new or repaired system with refrigerant when it is fitted with an expansion valve


in any way.
to the suction side of the compressor.
behind the condenser to the liquid refrigerant receiver.
Charging with refrigerant takes place during operation via the outlet connection of the refrigerant capillary tube.

27

Közepes

What does a thermostatic/electronic expansion valve regulate?


The evaporation pressure, closing when it falls below the setpoint temperature.
The number of revolutions of the compressor per unit of time.
Condenser subcooling by adjusting the condensing pressure.
The amount of refrigerant by controlling the evaporator superheat.

28

Közepes

What does the MOP function in expansion valves mean?


This means that these expansion valves are set to limit subcooling.
This means that these expansion valves are set to prevent overheating.
It means that these expansion valves are set to limit the maximum operating pressure.
This means that these expansion valves are set to a specific suction pressure.

29

Közepes

The lower the temperature of the liquid refrigerant upstream of the expansion valve,


  ...the lower the theoretical coefficient of cooling efficiency qo will be, whilst the cooling capacity Qo remains unchanged.
...the lower the theoretical coefficient of cooling efficiency qo will be, and the lower the system’s energy efficiency will be.
...the lower the theoretical coefficient of refrigeration efficiency qo will be, and the lower the refrigeration capacity Qo will be.
... the higher the theoretical coefficient of cooling capacity qo will be, and the greater the cooling capacity Qo will be.

30

Közepes

The MOP point in the expansion valve, due to the maximum evaporation temperature of the refrigeration system, ...


The value of the MOP point is irrelevant.
...must be approximately 5 K lower.
...must be approximately 7 K lower.
...must be approximately 7 K higher.

31

Közepes

What is the function of the suction pressure regulator?


It prevents a drop in suction pressure and, if necessary, shuts down the refrigeration system.
It limits the suction pressure and protects the compressor from excessively high suction pressure.
It maintains the suction pressure at a constant level.
To maintain the suction pressure at the highest possible level.

32

Közepes

What is the function of the valve regulating water flow through the condenser?


To maintain the condensing pressure at the lowest possible level.
To maintain the condensing pressure at a constant level.
To maintain the condensing pressure at the highest possible level.
To maintain the water temperature at the highest level.

33

Közepes

The use of a refrigerant distributor requires a thermostatic expansion valve …


… with a MOP function.
… with external pressure equalisation.
… with internal pressure equalisation.
… with an adsorption-type sensor filling.

34

Közepes

What properties should good insulation materials have?


It must have a good antistatic coating
It must have a low thermal conductivity.
It must be able to absorb large amounts of moisture.
It must have a high thermal conductivity.

35

Közepes

When do we encounter the superheated state?


This is the temperature difference between the actual vapour temperature and the vapour temperature at saturation.
It is a condition in which the compressor motor temperature rises excessively.
It is the temperature difference between the evaporation temperature and the ambient temperature.
This is a state that arises as a result of the temperature difference between the suction side and the discharge side of a compressor.

36

Közepes

How can you check whether the liquid refrigerant is reaching the expansion valve without vapour bubbles?


We check using a liquid pressure gauge.
We are unable to check this.
We check using a pressure gauge fitted on the discharge side of the compressor.
We check this using a sight glass.

37

Közepes

The liquid lines are located...


between the condenser and the liquid receiver.
between the evaporator and the regenerative heat exchanger.
between the compressor and the condenser.
between the evaporator and the compressor.

38

Közepes

What is the function of the liquid receiver in a refrigeration system?


When an installation technician does not know the exact amount of refrigerant required, the tank serves as a safety reserve for the entire refrigeration system.
The reservoir is used to further cool the liquefied refrigerant leaving the condenser.
The tank is used to store and ensure an adequate supply of refrigerant in the event of fluctuations in the thermal load of the refrigeration system.
The tank is used to collect the liquid refrigerant and excess oil in the system.

39

Közepes

What is the purpose of the liquid refrigerant reservoir?


The tank is used to further cool the liquefied refrigerant leaving the condenser.
The tank is used to collect the liquid refrigerant and excess oil in the system.
When an installation technician does not know the exact amount of refrigerant required, the tank serves as a safety reserve for the entire refrigeration system.
The tank is required during maintenance work, when there is a temporary need to store the refrigerant that has been circulating in the refrigeration system up to that point.

40

Közepes

Where should the liquid receiver be installed?


It should be installed downstream of the condenser, upstream of the expansion valve.
It should be fitted after the evaporator.
It should be fitted just before the compressor.
It should be fitted between the compressor and the condenser.

41

Közepes

What is the function of the suction pressure regulator fitted to the suction pipe when the compressor starts up?


It opens when the suction pressure upstream of the compressor drops.
It closes when the suction pressure upstream of the compressor drops.
It regulates the condensing pressure.
It regulates the evaporation pressure.

42

Közepes

The use of microchannel heat exchangers, compared with conventional heat exchangers made of copper tubes and fins, results in:


A reduction in the system’s energy efficiency.
An increase in the amount of refrigerant in the system and an increase in condensing pressure.
There is no effect whatsoever on either the amount of refrigerant or energy efficiency.
A reduction in the amount of refrigerant and an increase in energy efficiency.

43

Közepes

Which refrigerants belong to the HFC group?


R134a, R404A, R507A, R410A.
R134a, R32, R22, R507A, R290.
R11, R12, R502.
R22, R401A.

44

Közepes

Which refrigerants belong to the HFO group?


R134a, R290.
R1234yf, R1234ze.
R134a, R404A.
R22, R12.

45

Közepes

What are the characteristics of R410A refrigerant compared to R407C refrigerant?


The saturation pressure of both refrigerants is roughly the same.
The saturation pressure of R410A refrigerant is higher than that of R407C.
The saturation pressure of R407C refrigerant is much higher than that of R410A.
The saturation pressure of R407C is 150% higher than that of R410A.

46

Közepes

What does the TEWI parameter define?


This is a parameter that quantifies the impact of refrigerants on the ozone layer.
This is a parameter defining the ozone layer’s ability to recover (regenerate).
It is the total (global) greenhouse gas equivalent – this indicator takes into account the refrigerant’s direct capacity to contribute to the greenhouse effect and its indirect impact on it through the energy consumption (during the production of which CO₂ is generated) by the refrigeration unit in operation.
It is the global warming potential, expressed in terms of carbon dioxide (CO₂), over a 100-year time horizon.

47

Közepes

What are the characteristics of R452A refrigerant compared to R404A?


It is a non-flammable refrigerant, a mixture from the HFC/HFO group with thermodynamic properties similar to those of R404A and a GWP approximately 45% lower than that of R404A.
It is a flammable and toxic homogeneous refrigerant from the HFC group.
Both refrigerants are homogeneous refrigerants with no temperature glide.
The temperature glide of R452A is half that of R404A.

48

Közepes

What is the distinguishing feature of R1234yf compared to R134a?


greater flammability.
greater toxicity.
a higher boiling point at standard pressure.
A higher critical temperature.

49

Közepes

Compared to R134a, the refrigerant CO₂ is characterised by?


It has a lower critical temperature, higher operating pressures and greater volumetric efficiency, allowing for the use of a smaller quantity of refrigerant compared to R134a.
Unlike R134a, it is an azeotropic mixture.
It has identical thermodynamic properties and can be used as a drop-in replacement for R134a.
It has a temperature slip of 7K greater than R134a.

50

Közepes

The following are not classified as fluorinated greenhouse gases:


Perfluorocarbons (PFCs).
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).
Carbon dioxide (CO₂).

51

Közepes

What is the greenhouse effect?


It causes an increase in temperature close to the Earth’s surface (up to 10 metres above the surface).
It causes the thermal radiation emitted by the Earth to be trapped in the upper atmosphere.
It alters the composition of the atmospheric air.
It lowers the average surface temperature of the Earth.

52

Könnyű

What does the GWP indicator mean?


It is an expansion of the abbreviation ‘Global Warming Potential’ and indicates the rate of increase in air temperature
It is a unit expressing the ability to enhance the ozone layer.
This is an indicator expressing the potential to deplete the ozone layer.
It is the global warming potential. The impact on global warming caused by 1 kg of a given gas or chemical substance, expressed as a GWP value, where GWP=1 represents the global warming caused by 1 kg of CO₂ over a period of 100 years (the global warming potential of a unit mass of a given gas over a 100-year period, relative to the warming caused by a unit mass of CO₂).

53

Közepes

How do refrigeration systems contribute to the greenhouse effect, i.e. the rise in atmospheric temperature at the Earth’s surface?


Refrigeration equipment emits CO₂ both directly and indirectly.
Through the leakage of refrigerant into the environment.
As a result of oil being emitted into the atmosphere by the condenser and filter
Indirectly (through energy consumption) and directly (through the emission of refrigerants into the atmosphere)

54

Közepes

What is the greenhouse effect, also known as the greenhouse phenomenon?


The filtering out of solar radiation.
It is the phenomenon of heat being trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere (making it difficult for heat to radiate out of the Earth’s atmosphere).
This is the formation of a layer that traps only the heat generated by the combustion of fuel in aeroplanes.
The absorption of radiation reaching the Earth’s surface.

55

Közepes

Which EU regulation is currently the primary piece of legislation governing the use of fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) in the European Union?


Regulation (EU) No 517/2014
Regulation (EU) 2015/1188
Directive 2009/125/EC
Regulation (EU) 2024/573

56

Közepes

What is the main objective of Regulation (EU) 2024/573?


Standardising metal recycling standards
To facilitate the import of electrical appliances
Prevention of F-gas emissions and the achievement of the EU’s climate targets
To reduce taxes on refrigeration equipment

57

Közepes

What are the obligations of manufacturers of refrigeration appliances in the context of ecodesign, and which regulation governs them?


The manufacturer must ensure minimum energy efficiency, reparability and recyclability of equipment, as regulated by Regulation (EU) 2019/2019
Manufacturers must comply solely with ISO 9001 standards, without any link to EU regulations
Manufacturers are only required to use energy labels, and this is regulated by Regulation (EU) 2024/573
Manufacturers are only required to declare the quantity of F-gas used, in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 517/2014

58

Közepes

What is the main objective of the Ecodesign Directive?


To facilitate the import of products from outside the EU
To increase sales of electrical appliances in the EU
To standardise the appearance of products in the EU
Reducing the negative environmental impact of products by improving energy efficiency, durability and recyclability

59

Közepes

What is the function of a ball valve in a refrigeration system?


It prevents excessive pressure build-up in the system
It regulates the temperature of the refrigerant
Enables the refrigerant flow to be completely shut off
It measures the moisture content of the refrigerant

60

Könnyű

What is the main function of a relief valve?


It controls the oil level in the compressor
Relieves pressure in the system in the event of excessive pressure
It monitors the moisture content of the refrigerant
Prevents the evaporator from freezing

61

Közepes

How do certain substances or gases contribute to the greenhouse effect?


Certain substances trap the thermal radiation that the Earth should radiate into the atmosphere. In this way, the Earth gradually warms up and the greenhouse effect occurs.
Certain substances limit the impact of the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation on the Earth’s surface.
When released into the atmosphere, certain substances cause the air to heat up as a result of reactions with the oxygen and nitrogen contained in the air.
Some substances damage the ozone layer

62

Közepes

What is the purpose of the sight glass in a refrigeration system?


For visual assessment of the presence of refrigerant and oil, and for monitoring moisture levels
To shut off the flow in the event of an emergency
To regulate compressor pressure
To measure the condenser temperature

63

Közepes

What is the function of the temperature regulator in a refrigeration system?


It restricts oil flow
Controls the operation of the compressor and valves to maintain the set temperature
It drains excess refrigerant into the receiver
To maintain a constant pressure in the compressor

64

Nehéz

What is the role of the liquid separator in systems using flammable or toxic refrigerants?


They are used solely to measure the moisture content of the refrigerant
It prevents liquid from entering the compressor
It separates the liquid from the oil
Heats the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator

65

Nehéz

What is the function of an oil separator in systems using flammable or toxic refrigerants?


They are used solely to measure the moisture content of the refrigerant
It prevents liquid from entering the compressor
Separates oil from the refrigerant and facilitates the return of oil to the compressor
Heats the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator

66

Közepes

What is the purpose of oil level regulators in a refrigeration system?


They drain off excess refrigerant
They control the pressure in the condenser
Maintains the correct oil level in the compressor
They control the evaporator temperature

67

Közepes

What is the function of the refrigerant receiver in the system?


It controls the evaporator temperature
It maintains a constant pressure in the system
Stores excess refrigerant and facilitates the detection of leaks
Regulates the oil flow

68

Közepes

What is the role of the manifold thermometer in the refrigeration system?


It monitors the moisture content of the refrigerant
Relieves pressure in the system in the event of excessive pressure
Measures the refrigerant temperature at the compressor inlet and outlet, which helps to identify leaks
Controls the oil level

69

Közepes

What is the role of the defrost control valves?


Protect the evaporator from excessive icing and reduce the risk of leaks
They control the pressure in the compressor
They drain off excess oil
They are used to monitor the moisture content of the refrigerant

70

Könnyű

What is the base unit of pressure according to the International System of Units (SI)?


Psi
Atm.
Pa
bar

71

Közepes

Where can I find lists detailing fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases)?


In the Act on Ozone-Depleting Substances and Certain Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases.
In the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.
In the Regulation of the Minister for the Economy on the introduction of a list of fluorinated greenhouse gases.
In Regulation (EU) No 2024/573 of the European Parliament and of the Council

72

Közepes

Where can I find the lists specifying controlled substances?


In the current Act on Ozone-Depleting Substances and Certain Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases.
In the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.
In the Regulation of the Minister for the Environment on the list of controlled substances.
In Regulation (EU) No 2024/590 of the European Parliament and of the Council.

73

Közepes

Where and by when should annual reports on ODS and F-gases be submitted?


Reports for the previous year must be submitted by 31 January electronically by completing the special forms available in the central register of operators ‘CRO’.
Reports must be submitted by the end of the relevant calendar year, using a special form at the regional branch of the Office of Technical Inspection (UDT)
Reports on ODS and F-gases for the previous year must be submitted by 28 February of the following year, via the IT system available in the reports database at the Office for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and Climate (BOWOiK) on the ICHP website.
Reports for the previous year must be submitted by 31 March of the relevant year electronically to the Ministry of the Environment.

74

Közepes

Which measure has the greatest impact on improving the compressor’s energy efficiency during installation?


Correctly create a vacuum and remove moisture from the system
Increasing the amount of refrigerant
Installation without filters
Installation without a leak test

75

Közepes

How does regular monitoring of the oil level affect the compressor’s operation?


It reduces cooling capacity
It has no effect
Ensures proper lubrication and improves energy efficiency
Causes a rise in pressure

76

Közepes

How do system leaks affect the compressor’s energy efficiency?


Have no effect
These cause a drop in performance and an increase in energy consumption
They lower the operating temperature
They improve efficiency

77

Közepes

Regulation (EC) No 2024/590 relates to:


Ozone-depleting substances.
The conditions for obtaining F-gas certificates by companies carrying out the recovery and reclamation of waste refrigerants.
Alternative refrigerants serving as substitutes for fluorinated greenhouse gases.
Health and safety at work during the recovery of refrigerants.

78

Közepes

What is the significance of regulating suction and discharge pressure?


Helps maintain optimal operating conditions for the compressor
Increases oil consumption
It has no effect on efficiency
Causes leaks

79

Közepes

What maintenance measure reduces the compressor’s energy consumption?


Disabling safety devices
Increasing the refrigerant charge
Regular replacement of filters and dryers
Lack of servicing

80

Közepes

How does the presence of air in the refrigeration system affect performance?


It improves efficiency
Reduces energy consumption
Leads to increased pressure and reduced efficiency
It has no effect

81

Közepes

What role do control systems (e.g. regulators) play in compressor efficiency?


Causes leaks
It doesn’t matter
It increases the amount of refrigerant
Enables optimisation of operation and a reduction in energy consumption

82

Közepes

How does refrigerant superheat at the compressor suction affect performance?


It always improves performance
It only causes a drop in temperature
It has no effect
Excessive overheating reduces efficiency and increases energy consumption

83

Közepes

How does the correct layout of the system affect efficiency?


It causes the temperature to rise
Shortens flow paths and reduces energy losses
It increases the pressure
It doesn’t matter

84

Közepes

How important is pipe insulation?


It has no effect
Causes a rise in pressure
It increases energy consumption
Reduces heat loss and improves energy efficiency

85

Közepes

Which measure most improves the condenser’s energy efficiency?


Regular cleaning of heat exchange surfaces
Restricted airflow
Contamination of the heat exchange surface
Increasing the amount of refrigerant

86

Közepes

How does a dirty condenser affect the operation of the refrigeration system?


It has no effect
It lowers the condensing pressure
It improves efficiency
Causes an increase in pressure and energy consumption by the compressor

87

Közepes

Why is adequate airflow through an air-cooled condenser important?


Causes a drop in pressure
Insufficient airflow reduces efficiency
Ensures effective heat dissipation and improves energy efficiency
It doesn’t matter

88

Közepes

Which refrigerants cause damage to the ozone layer?


All refrigerants that are hydrocarbon derivatives.
All refrigerants that contain fluorine and hydrogen in their molecules.
All refrigerants that contain chlorine or bromine in their molecules.
All refrigerants that contain carbon in their molecular structure.

89

Közepes

How does the presence of limescale in a water-cooled condenser affect performance?


It lowers the condensation temperature
It improves heat transfer
It has no effect
Impairs heat exchange and increases energy consumption

90

Közepes

How does correct condensation pressure control affect efficiency?


Maintains optimum operating conditions and reduces energy consumption
Causes leaks
It has no effect
It increases energy consumption

91

Közepes

How do condenser leaks affect energy efficiency?


They improve efficiency
Have no effect
Causes refrigerant loss and a drop in efficiency
They lower the temperature

92

Közepes

How important is the correct positioning of an air-cooled condenser?


It should be housed in a small room
It should be installed in a well-ventilated area with unobstructed airflow
It should be close to heat sources
It doesn’t matter

93

Közepes

How does hot air recirculation affect the condenser?


It reduces the pressure
Impairs cooling and increases energy consumption
It improves efficiency
It has no effect

94

Közepes

How does the insulation of central heating and domestic hot water pipework affect the operation of the heat pump’s condenser?


It doesn’t matter
It increases the pressure
It impairs cooling
Reduces energy losses and improves the efficiency of the entire system

95

Közepes

Which measure most improves the energy efficiency of the evaporator?


Increasing the amount of refrigerant
Increasing the condensation temperature
Restricted airflow
Regular defrosting of the evaporator

96

Közepes

How does evaporator icing affect the system’s operation?


It improves cooling performance
It lowers the condensation temperature
Impairs heat exchange and increases energy consumption
It has no effect

97

Közepes

How does dirt on the evaporator surface affect its performance?


It has no effect
It reduces the pressure
Impairs heat exchange and increases energy consumption
It improves efficiency

98

Közepes

What maintenance task is crucial for the evaporator?


Regular cleaning and defrosting
Reduced airflow
Lack of maintenance
Increasing the refrigerant charge

99

Közepes

What does an F-gas personal certificate (Category A2) authorise?


to repair, maintain or service refrigeration equipment and systems containing controlled substances.
to make permanent joints by brazing in systems containing fluorinated greenhouse gases.
for the purchase of lubricants and refrigeration oils, and for the testing of safety valves.
To recover refrigerant from equipment containing less than 3 kg of fluorinated greenhouse gases, or less than 6 kg in the case of hermetically sealed systems.

100

Közepes

How does superheating of the refrigerant at the evaporator outlet affect efficiency?


It always improves performance
It only causes a drop in temperature
It has no effect
Excessive superheat reduces energy efficiency

101

Közepes

How do leaks in the evaporator affect efficiency?


Improves performance
These cause refrigerant loss and a drop in efficiency
Have no effect
Increase capacity

102

Közepes

How important is correct expansion valve adjustment?


It increases energy consumption
Causes leaks
Ensures optimal evaporator charge and improves efficiency
It doesn’t matter

103

Közepes

How does inadequate insulation of the heat transfer circuit pipes affect evaporator performance?


It lowers the condensation temperature
It improves efficiency
It has no effect
Causes cooling losses and increased energy consumption

104

Közepes

How does correct TEV valve adjustment affect the system’s energy efficiency?


Causes leaks
Ensures optimum superheat and improves system efficiency
It has no effect
It increases energy consumption

105

Közepes

What happens if the superheat set by the TEV is too high?


It has no effect
Cooling efficiency will improve
The refrigerant charge will increase
Efficiency will drop because the evaporator is not being fully utilised

106

Közepes

How does a low superheat setting on the TEV affect performance?


It has no effect
It reduces refrigerant flow
It increases operational safety
It may lead to improved efficiency, but it increases the risk of the compressor becoming flooded with liquid

107

Közepes

How do contaminants in the system affect the operation of the TEV?


They improve its performance
They can cause it to become blocked and reduce efficiency
Have no effect
They lower the temperature

108

Közepes

What role does the filter-drier play in terms of system efficiency?


Removes moisture and contaminants, improving the system’s efficiency
It lowers the temperature
It doesn’t matter
It increases the amount of refrigerant

109

Közepes

How does proper insulation of components (e.g. pipes near the TEV) affect the system?


It doesn’t matter
It increases energy consumption
Prevents unwanted heat gains and improves efficiency
It causes leaks

110

Közepes

What does Regulation (EU) No 2024/573 of the European Parliament and of the Council cover?


The Regulation concerns gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect.
The Regulation sets out health and safety requirements for soldering work.
The Regulation sets out requirements relating to brazing of refrigeration systems.
The Regulation concerns leak testing of stationary refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pump equipment containing fluorinated greenhouse gases. The Regulation sets out the requirements relating to leak testing of such equipment.

111

Közepes

How important is it to check the operation of the condensing pressure control valve in the system?


Ensures operation within the optimum pressure range and reduces energy losses
It increases energy consumption
It causes a significant rise in temperature
It has no effect

112

Közepes

How does the correct selection of a TEV affect energy efficiency?


It doesn’t matter
It lowers the temperature
It increases the amount of refrigerant
Ensures the system is matched to its capacity and operates optimally

113

Közepes

What is the main design difference in hydrocarbon-based refrigeration systems?


No need for safety measures
Higher operating pressures
Lower energy efficiency
The need for explosion-proof measures due to the flammability of the refrigerant

114

Közepes

What differences are there in the compressors used in hydrocarbon systems?


They must be designed to operate with flammable refrigerants (e.g. hermetic compressors)
They must operate at higher pressures
No differences
They do not require lubrication

115

Közepes

How can one check whether the system has been overcharged with refrigerant?


The refrigeration system is overcharged with refrigerant whilst in operation, and even under a very small heat load, frost forms on the suction side of the compressor
Under normal conditions, there is a marked increase in condensing pressure because an excessive amount of refrigerant accumulates in the condenser, reducing the heat exchange surface area within it.
The compressor will operate under a lower load and the suction pressure will decrease
This cannot be checked with sufficient reliability, as the sight glass is not designed for this purpose.

116

Közepes

Before charging the refrigeration unit with refrigerant, it is essential to…


carry out a start-up test.
check the compressor’s suction and discharge connections.
complete the unit’s data sheet.
carry out a leak test.

117

Közepes

What information must appear on the unit’s label?


It does not matter what should be included on the device label.
Markings regarding the weight and capacity of the pipework, together with the colour code and chemical composition of the paints used to coat the frame and casing.
Among other things: information stating that the unit contains a fluorinated greenhouse gas, together with the industrial designation of the gas or its chemical name, the mass of the gas and its CO₂ equivalent
The manufacturer’s logo and the weight of the unit.

118

Közepes

What is the base unit of temperature according to the International System of Units (Système International d’Unités)?


°F
°C
K
°R

119

Közepes

Which of the following are the most important pieces of information that should be included in the unit’s data sheet:


The owner, installer and service technician of the unit.
The make and model of the unit, so that the manufacturer can be contacted to obtain the technical information necessary for servicing.
Information regarding refrigerant recovery and unit dismantling.
Operator details, unit details, type and quantity of refrigerant, information regarding servicing and repairs.

120

Közepes

Who is responsible for drawing up the equipment or installation record?


There is no such obligation.
The person responsible for risk assessment.
The equipment maintenance technician.
The operator of the unit or system.

121

Közepes

Oil traps on the suction pipework are required:


before the safety valve.
at the inlet to each component of the refrigeration system.
before the compressor.
always before any rise in the pipeline.

122

Közepes

When is there a refrigerant leak, even though the compressor is still running?


When we observe a rise in the refrigerant level in the liquid receiver and the subcooling increases.
When the sight glass is full of liquid refrigerant and we observe a rise in the oil level in the compressor sump.
When the suction pressure is low, superheat is high, subcooling is negligible and the temperature difference between the condenser and the expansion valve is small.
When the condensing pressure and suction pressure rise, but there is no superheat.

123

Közepes

Which components of a refrigeration system can be classified as potential leak points (leaks) subject to regular leak tests?


Fittings, valves including their stems, seals – including those in replaceable filters and dryers, components exposed to vibration, and connections to measuring, control and safety devices.
All parts of the refrigeration unit that are connected to the suction side of the refrigeration system.
Hermetic compressors, liquid refrigerant tanks and liquid separators.
Parts of the system located on the high-pressure side (from the compressor up to and including the expansion valve).

124

Közepes

What is the test pressure during the pressure leak test of the unit?


According to the PN-EN 378 standard, at least 0.25 times the maximum permissible pressure for the system (PS).
The test pressure (maximum) is 30 bar.
The test pressure is determined by the person carrying out the leak test based on their experience.
The test pressure for leak testing is equivalent to the maximum operating pressure measured during the operation of the refrigeration unit.

125

Közepes

In which part of the refrigeration unit must the recommended leak test be carried out?


The check must be carried out on all parts of the refrigeration system that are connected to the discharge side of the refrigeration circuit.
The test must be carried out on the compressor shut-off valves, solenoid valves and filters.
The test must be carried out at all points on the refrigeration unit where there is a potential risk of refrigerant leakage.
The check should only be carried out at the connection points for measuring instruments (pressure switches, pressure gauges, temperature sensors).

126

Közepes

When can a given unit be considered perfectly leak-tight?


A given unit can be considered perfectly leak-tight if, during a leak test, the pressure remains constant, taking into account pressure changes caused by temperature variations. Any drop in pressure indicates a leak and requires the location of the leak to be identified.
A given device can be considered perfectly leak-tight when the pressure drop during the test does not exceed 0.1 bar.
The device in question is perfectly leak-tight when we have carried out a check using a permanently installed electronic detector.
A device can be considered perfectly leak-tight if gas bubbles appear when it is submerged in water.

127

Közepes

What does EU Regulation 1516/2007 cover?


The Regulation addresses the disposal of gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect.
The Regulation sets out requirements relating to brazing of refrigeration systems.
The Regulation concerns leak testing of stationary refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pump equipment containing fluorinated greenhouse gases. The Regulation sets out the requirements for leak testing of such equipment.
The Regulation sets out health and safety requirements for soldering work.

128

Nehéz

Which parts of refrigeration systems must be inspected on a mandatory and regular basis in accordance with EU Regulation 1516/2007?


Compressor connections, 2. connections on the liquid refrigerant tank
Only compressor connections, as these are subject to vibration.
Fittings, 2. valves, 3. seals, 4. parts/components exposed to vibration, 5. connections at safety devices.
Connections on the condenser, as there is high pressure and the refrigerant is in liquid form

129

Könnyű

What is superheat?


It is the amount of heat required to cause the vapour formed from a liquid to become superheated.
It is the amount of heat required to heat a liquid.
It is the amount of heat required to turn a liquid into vapour.
It is the amount of heat required to increase the pressure.

130

Nehéz

In accordance with EU Regulation 1516/2007, there are several methods of leak testing. What are these methods called?


We distinguish between physical and chemical methods.
We distinguish between quality control methods for supplied materials and electronic testing methods.
We distinguish between direct and indirect methods of leak detection.
We distinguish between methods for quality control of supplied materials and leak testing methods that do not involve quality control of supplied materials.

131

Nehéz

In accordance with EU Regulation 1516/2007, to whom can we entrust the responsibilities for leak testing of refrigeration systems?


The check may be carried out by a specialist in leak testing.
The check may only be carried out by a person who has previously carried out such a check.
The inspection may be carried out by a person employed and appointed by the owner of the installation.
The test may only be carried out by a competent person with the relevant skills, who holds a certificate attesting to the necessary knowledge in this field. They must also hold a certificate for companies regarding the operation and maintenance of refrigeration equipment charged with F-gases.

132

Nehéz

In accordance with EU Regulation 1516/2007, what conditions must be met in order to carry out a leak test on refrigeration systems using ultraviolet (UV) light?


A prerequisite for carrying out the inspection is holding the relevant authorisation for pressure testing issued by the UDT.
A prerequisite for carrying out a leak test using UV is having the appropriate technical resources, the relevant materials supplied, and suitable safety goggles.
The manufacturer of the refrigeration equipment must confirm that the aforementioned UV method can be used. A UV leak test may be carried out by a qualified person who holds the relevant qualifications (certificate).
A prerequisite for carrying out a leak test using UV is that such a test is technically feasible.

133

Nehéz

In accordance with EU Regulation 1516/2007, which leak testing methods are classified as direct leak testing methods?


Detection of leaks using a handheld leak detector and/or a fixed leak detection system; 2. Detection of leaks using a special dye with UV-fluorescent properties; 3. Detection of leaks using a foaming solution.
Leak test using nitrogen with a tracer gas, an electronic detector and pressure measurement.
Leak testing by measuring pressure changes and the method of submerging the device/system in water.
Leak test following the creation of a vacuum and leak detection using a foaming solution.

134

Nehéz

In accordance with EU Regulation 1516/2007, which methods are classified as indirect leak testing methods?


Leak detection using a UV tracer.
It utilises pressure and temperature measurements, as well as an ultrasonic method.
This method is based on the analysis of the following parameters: pressure, temperature, operating pressure, liquid level, oil leakage, etc.
This method is based on electronic leak detection.

135

Közepes

How should the pressure be increased during a pressure leak test?


We increase the pressure as quickly as possible.
We increase the pressure at a rate of 10 bar/s.
We increase the pressure in any way.
We increase the pressure gradually whilst checking for leaks, until the test pressure is reached, at a rate of no more than 2 bar/min

136

Közepes

What electronic equipment should be used to carry out leak testing?


Only with devices fitted with an infrared detector.
Only using devices with verified measurement sensitivity.
Only with devices fitted with hot cathodes.
Only with devices fitted with an ‘Ion Pump’ sensor.

137

Közepes

What documentation should be checked before starting a leak test?


Check the operating instructions for the machine/equipment.
The maintenance log and the machine/device operating instructions must be checked.
Check the stock ledger (accounts).
Check the time sheets of the staff responsible for the machinery/equipment.

138

Közepes

What information must be recorded when drawing up the leak test report?


The date of the inspection, the number of faults (leaks), the location of the faults (leaks), the proposed method of rectifying the fault/defect (leak), attached documents and a signature.
The date of the inspection, a record of the occurrence of the leak, and a signature.
The number of locations where leaks have occurred and the date of the inspection.
The method used to carry out the leak test, the number of faults, the method of repairing the faults, the time taken to work on the installation, and the cost of the repair.

139

Közepes

What pressure values should be used for the pressure leak test?


At the discretion of the person authorised to carry out the pressure test.
Use a pressure not exceeding the maximum permissible pressure for the system (PS).
The pressure for the leak test is 2–3 bar.
The pressure value for the leak test is 10–12 bar.

140

Közepes

What is temperature slip?


A specific temperature corresponds to a given vapour pressure.
It involves a decrease in temperature.
A specific temperature cannot be assigned to a given vapour pressure. There is a temperature difference between the start and end of evaporation.
It involves an increase in temperature.

141

Nehéz

What does a vacuum leak test involve?


If the pressure in the refrigeration system were to rise, we switch on the vacuum pump as required.
With the vacuum pump running continuously, we are able to maintain the required vacuum level in the system.
After switching off the vacuum pump, we check whether the pressure in the system rises
With the vacuum pump switched on, check whether the pressure in the system rises as a result of a leak.

142

Nehéz

How often should leak tests be carried out on equipment containing 1.5 kg of R404A refrigerant (5.9 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent)?


At least once every 12 months.
Only when servicing the unit.
Once every six months.
On initial commissioning.

143

Nehéz

How often should leak tests be carried out on equipment containing 7 kg of R404A refrigerant (27.45 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent)?


Only when servicing the unit.
On initial commissioning.
Once every six months.
At least once every 12 months.

144

Közepes

In which appliances and systems is the installation of a permanent leak detection system required?


In equipment and systems containing at least 5 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent.
In equipment and systems containing at least 500 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent.
In equipment and installations containing at least 30 kg of fluorinated greenhouse gases.
In equipment and systems containing at least 50 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent.

145

Nehéz

In accordance with Regulation (EU) 2024/573 of the European Parliament and of the Council, a fixed leak detection system is required when:


The refrigerant charge of the refrigeration equipment is at least 100 kg of ODS.
The charge of an F-gas refrigerant in a refrigeration unit is at least 500 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent.
The refrigeration equipment is operated in an enclosed space.
The installation of a fixed leak detection system is optional, but it helps to reduce the number of leak checks required on the equipment each year.

146

Nehéz

Under Regulation (EC) No 1516/2007 and the F-gas Act, which leak detection methods may not be carried out by a person holding a Category E certificate?


Leak detection using a foaming solution.
Visual leak inspection.
Leak testing using a fluorescent dye.
Measuring leaks using a handheld leak detector.

147

Nehéz

According to the current regulation, what sensitivity must a handheld leak detector have?


3 g/year.
10 g/year.
5 g/year.
8 g/year.

148

Közepes

Which category of F-gas certificate (A1, A2, B, C, D, E) authorises the performance of leak tests on refrigeration equipment:


Only categories A1 and A2.
Categories D and E.
Category E only.
All except category D.

149

Nehéz

Within what timeframe must a leak test be carried out on a stationary refrigeration system after a leak has been repaired, in accordance with EU Regulation 2024/573 on F-gases?


Immediately after the repair.
Between 24 hours and 1 month after the repair.
At the next periodic inspection.
At any time.

150

Nehéz

At what intervals should leak tests be carried out on refrigeration equipment containing more than 500 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent of fluorinated greenhouse gases that does not have a leak detection system installed?


Once every 6 months.
Once a month.
Once every 3 months.
Once every 12 months.

151

Közepes

Why is it advisable to subcool the liquid refrigerant?


This is advisable because it allows a smaller evaporator to be used (lower refrigerant temperature at the evaporator inlet).
This is advisable because it allows a smaller condenser to be used (smaller heat exchange surface area).
This is advisable because it allows a smaller expansion valve to be used (less superheat at the valve).
This is advisable because it ensures that the liquid refrigerant, free of vapour bubbles, enters the expansion valve.

152

Közepes

What should be done following repairs to a leak in the refrigeration unit of a refrigerated trailer?


The unit must be charged with an alternative refrigerant, started up, and the refrigerant parameters checked at the service valve located on the liquid receiver.
A visual inspection should be carried out only on bolted and soldered joints.
An invoice for the service work carried out must be issued as soon as possible.
You must enter the details into the equipment log (including the quantities of refrigerant recovered and used) and inform the Operator that an additional leak test must be carried out by a certified person within one month of the repair.

153

Közepes

Recovery of fluorinated greenhouse gases means:


The collection and storage of fluorinated greenhouse gases originating, for example, from machinery, equipment and containers.
The final decommissioning and withdrawal from service or use of a product or piece of equipment containing fluorinated greenhouse gases.
The reuse of fluorinated greenhouse gases following a basic purification process.
The reprocessing of fluorinated greenhouse gases to achieve their specified standard properties.

154

Közepes

Who is authorised to recover refrigerant from stationary refrigeration equipment:


A service technician holding an F-gas certificate in the relevant category.
The owner of the installation.
The administrator of the operator’s account.
The operator.

155

Közepes

Recovered refrigerants must be stored:


In a cylinder that previously contained the same type of refrigerant.
In any pressure vessel that has been officially certified.
In a specially adapted and labelled cylinder fitted with a two-way valve.
In any used refrigerant cylinder.

156

Közepes

When should the recovery of fluorinated greenhouse gases be carried out:


Before the final disposal of equipment and, where applicable, during its servicing and maintenance.
Before each leak test of the equipment.
Only prior to the final disposal of equipment.
Always during servicing and maintenance of equipment.

157

Közepes

What should be done if the refrigerant recovered from the system is contaminated, e.g. with acid, air or moisture?


Purify the mixture by passing it through a particulate filter and reuse it.
You should attempt to purify the mixture yourself using a dehydrating filter.
Such a mixture must be handed over to a specialist authorised company for regeneration or disposal.
Add a special contaminant neutraliser to the mixture.

158

Közepes

What should be done if different types of refrigerants become mixed in a storage cylinder (container)?


The mixture should be purified by passing it through a filter-drain and reused.
You should attempt to separate the mixture into its individual components.
Add a special refrigerant to the mixture.
Send this mixture to a specialist authorised company to have it neutralised.

159

Közepes

How does refrigerant recovery using the Push-Pull method work?


This involves injecting nitrogen from the cylinder into the unit and expelling the liquid refrigerant from the unit.
This involves using a suction device (compressor) to ensure that the refrigerant, in liquid form, is transferred into the cylinder.
It involves using a recovery unit to draw (pull) the refrigerant vapour from the cylinder and then force it (push) into the low-pressure side of the system.
This involves the refrigerant being alternately drawn from the suction side and then from the discharge side of the refrigeration unit (compressor).

160

Közepes

What are the methods for managing waste refrigerant?


Regeneration, recovery.
Disposal, storage.
Recovery, disposal.
Recycling, regeneration, disposal.

161

Közepes

The most advantageous method of managing waste refrigerant is:


Disposal.
Regeneration.
Recycling.
Storage.

162

Közepes

The lower the evaporation temperature, ...


...the lower the refrigerant density, and the greater the cooling capacity of the compressor.
…the greater the density of the refrigerant and the lower the mass flow rate of the refrigerant.
...the greater the density of the refrigerant and the mass flow rate of the flowing refrigerant.
...the lower the density of the refrigerant and the lower the mass of the flowing refrigerant.

163

Közepes

How should pressure vessels (e.g. refrigerant cylinders) be marked?


They should bear, amongst other things, information such as: the number of the standard applied to their design, construction and testing; the identification marks of the country of approval and the inspection body; the date of the acceptance test; and the manufacturer’s and operational marks.
It is irrelevant how pressure vessels should be marked.
They should bear only markings relating to weight and capacity.
They should bear the manufacturer’s logo and the date of manufacture.

164

Közepes

The recovery of refrigerants does not require the use of:


Hoses with shut-off valves.
A refrigerant recovery station.
Scales with a measurement range suitable for the size of the cylinder being filled.
An electronic leak detector.

165

Közepes

What functions does the compressor perform in a refrigeration system?


The compressor creates a vacuum on the suction side of the system
The compressor condenses the refrigerant.
The compressor compresses ambient air and increases the pressure of the refrigerant.
The compressor draws in refrigerant vapour from the evaporator, compresses it, and then forces it into the condenser, raising the pressure to the required condensing pressure.

166

Könnyű

What is the compressor’s compression ratio?


It is the amount of refrigerant that will be compressed in a single compressor cycle relative to the heat capacity.
It is the ratio of the suction pressure to the discharge pressure of the compressor (po/pk).
It is the ratio of the discharge pressure to the effective capacity of the compressor (p/Vk).
It is the ratio of the discharge pressure to the suction pressure of the compressor (pk/po).

167

Közepes

What is compressor flooding?


Suction of liquid refrigerant into the compressor’s suction line.
Flooding of the compressor due to rainfall.
Flooding the compression chamber with liquid refrigerant or oil.
A large amount of liquid refrigerant in the evaporator.

168

Közepes

To what extent do we regulate the compressor motor’s rotational speed when using a frequency converter?


Approximately from 30 to 75 Hz, which corresponds to around 60% to 150% of the cooling capacity.
Regulating the compressor motor speed is not the same as regulating the cooling capacity.
Up to a maximum of 10 per cent.
From approximately 30% to 90% of capacity.

169

Könnyű

What is the theoretical displacement of a compressor?


The displacement capacity of a compressor is expressed by the coefficient of performance (COP)
The displacement of a compressor is determined by the dimensions of the cylinder – its volume (cm³)
It is the volume of refrigerant delivered by a reciprocating compressor per unit of time, usually referred to by the manufacturer as the displacement. It depends on the compressor’s geometric dimensions and rotational speed.
This is the volume of refrigerant that flows through a reciprocating compressor during a single piston cycle.

170

Közepes

Why is it essential to observe the correct phase sequence for scroll compressors and screw compressors?


Because these types of compressors are sensitive to voltage drops.
Because the motor speed would decrease, and consequently the compressor’s capacity.
Because this type of compressor has difficulty starting up if the phase sequence is changed.
Because changing the phase sequence would reverse the direction of rotation of the compressor rotors, which could result in damage to the compressors.

171

Közepes

The cycle of a two-stage vapour-compression refrigeration system should have, in each stage of the system:


a compression ratio greater than 8.
a compression ratio of less than 8.
a compression ratio of less than 6
a compression ratio of less than 18.

172

Közepes

Why is it necessary to seal the shafts in gland-sealed refrigeration compressors?


Because we need to prevent air from entering the compressor and we need to prevent refrigerant from leaking from the compressor.
Because it ensures the bearing remains lubricated.
Because it protects the compressor’s crankshaft bearing.
Because it prevents oil leakage.

173

Közepes

When is the refrigerant sufficiently cooled?


When the liquid distributors are warm.
When the evaporator is covered in frost.
When the outlet from the condenser is cold.
When no vapour bubbles are observed forming in the liquid sight glass.

174

Közepes

Why should the compressor crankcase be heated?


Heating ensures that the lubricating oil is de-watered.
Heating improves the dissolution of the refrigerant in the oil, which is beneficial for its viscosity.
Heating prevents the refrigerant from dissolving in the oil.
Heating keeps the lubricating oil in a liquid state.

175

Könnyű

What is the dead volume of a compressor?


This is the space between the bottom of the piston and the crankshaft cover.
It is the space between the valve plate and the top of the piston.
This is the space between the side surface of the piston and the cylinder.
It is the space between the valve plate and the bottom dead centre of the piston.

176

Közepes

What are compressor sets?


These are multiple (several) air-cooled condensers.
These are sets comprising several compressors connected in any configuration.
These consist of a larger number (several) of compressors connected in parallel and mounted on a common frame.
These are units consisting of two-stage compressors.

177

Közepes

What are the advantages of compressor units?


Space-saving and lower energy consumption.
Easy modification of the system.
The ability to adjust the cooling capacity as required.
These are inexpensive and easy-to-install units.

178

Közepes

What do we mean by the ‘application range’ of a compressor?


By this term, we mean the following parameters: compressor capacity, type of refrigerant, and the compressor’s geometric dimensions.
By this term, we mean the following parameters: the evaporation and condensation temperatures (to and tk), or the pressure values that determine the compressor’s application.
By this term, we mean that the compressor’s operating range is determined by the evaporation temperature ‘to’ during operation.
By this term, we mean that the compressor’s application range is determined by the evaporation temperature ‘to’ at a given ambient temperature.

179

Közepes

What are the basic functions of oil in a compressor?


The oil seals the gap between the piston and the cylinder.
The oil seals any leaks that develop in the system.
The oil lubricates both the bearings and the sliding surfaces of the compressor components, and cools the compressor by transferring the heat generated during compression to the compressor’s outer casing.
The oil absorbs moisture from the refrigerant that enters the compressor.

180

Közepes

What are the most effective ways of regulating the compressor’s cooling capacity?


Using an expansion valve.
By changing the compressor’s displacement, by varying the rotational speed, or by deactivating individual cylinders.
By means of pressure control valves.
By partially covering the evaporator to reduce the heat exchange surface area.

181

Közepes

What does compressor bypass control involve?


Hot, high-pressure refrigerant vapour is drawn in on the suction side of the compressor.
High-pressure liquid refrigerant is injected on the suction side of the compressor.
The bypass control is not used to regulate the compressor.
Refrigerant in the form of cooled, high-pressure vapour is introduced into the suction line.

182

Közepes

What is the fundamental difference between hermetic and semi-hermetic compressors?


The casing of semi-hermetic compressors can be dismantled, whereas the casing of hermetic compressors cannot be dismantled.
Both types of compressors are disassemblable, and the difference lies in their varying capacities.
Semi-hermetic compressors are characterised by the quiet operation of the entire unit.
The housing of a hermetic compressor and the compressor itself form a single unit.

183

Közepes

How does a scroll compressor work?


It uses two screws to compress the refrigerant.
A scroll compressor is also known as a turbo compressor.
It is a device fitted with two spirals. It is a type of positive displacement (volumetric) compressor in which compression takes place through the interaction of the two spirals.
It is a type of piston-type device.

184

Közepes

What physical process takes place in the evaporator?


It cools the refrigerant flowing through it.
The liquid refrigerant evaporates and a small amount of it becomes superheated.
The medium flowing through the evaporator (glycol, water) evaporates, whilst the refrigerant condenses.
It causes the refrigerant flowing through it to condense.

185

Közepes

What is the purpose of regulating the compressor’s capacity?


Capacity control protects the compressor from low thermal loads.
It allows the cooling capacity to be adjusted to meet requirements.
It ensures that the cooling capacity is adjusted based on condensing temperatures.
It ensures adequate lubrication of the compressor.

186

Közepes

Why is inverter speed control suitable for refrigeration compressors?


By reducing the speed of the refrigeration compressor motor, inverter speed control improves the return oil flow to the compressor.
Inverter speed control enables continuous, smooth regulation of cooling capacity.
Inverter speed control can be used with any type of compressor to ensure adequate lubrication.
Inverter speed control reduces energy consumption only under natural conditions.

187

Közepes

Does the suction gas temperature affect the cooling capacity of the compressor?


It does, but only if the gas is deeply cooled.
Temperature has no effect on the compressor’s cooling capacity.
It has a significant effect on performance.
It does, but only for reciprocating compressors.

188

Közepes

In the case of compressor units fitted with an oil level control system, is it necessary to install the compressors at the same height?


Only screw compressors.
Yes.
Only scroll compressors.
No.

189

Közepes

What functions does a compressor powered by the vehicle’s engine perform in a transport refrigeration system?


This compressor draws in refrigerant vapour from the evaporator, compresses it and then forces it into the condenser whilst the vehicle’s engine is running.
The compressor compresses ambient air and increases the pressure of the refrigerant.
This compressor condenses the refrigerant whilst the vehicle is in motion.
This compressor creates a vacuum on the suction side of the system whilst the vehicle’s engine is switched off.

190

Közepes

Which natural fluids absorb heat from the refrigerant in the condenser?


Water or air.
Ammonia
Air and CO2.
Water and an antifreeze mixture.

191

Közepes

What is the function of the condenser in refrigeration systems?


Heat from the compressor is then released into the environment via the condenser.
The heat absorbed in the evaporator is then released into the environment via the condenser
Heat released in the regenerative heat exchanger is absorbed by the condenser.
The heat absorbed in the evaporator and transferred during the compression process is then released into the environment via the condenser.

192

Közepes

If the condensation temperature is higher than the critical point temperature of the refrigerant, condensation:


will not occur.
temperature has no effect on condensation.
will occur provided a specially designed condenser is used.
will always occur regardless of the temperature.

193

Közepes

How does the subcooling of the refrigerant take place within a refrigeration system?


Subcooling of the liquid refrigerant in the final section of the condenser.
Subcooling of the refrigerant using oil (dissolving the refrigerant in oil).
Subcooling using high-pressure hot vapour.
Subcooling using an additional heat exchanger and liquid nitrogen.

194

Közepes

What is the purpose of controlling the condenser fan speed?


Condenser fan speed control ensures that the condensing pressure is maintained at the correct level.
Condenser fan speed control reduces energy efficiency.
Dispersion of the refrigerant in the event of a system leak.
Condenser fan speed control safeguards against the maximum permissible condensing pressure.